Search results for "ISM [radio lines]"

Multi-destination trips: A survey on incoming zourism in Sicily

2012

Many pleasure trips are often characterized by the visit of more than a single destination. Despite the topic is well documented in literature, the empirical studies are limited to a few pioneering studies. This lack may be attributable to the failure of tourism organizations to collect data on multi-destination trip behaviors, as it results, for example, from the system of European statistics on tourism (according to the Council Directive 95/57 EC), where no information on the average number of destinations visited within a single trip are provided. This paper aims to analyze the main implications of multi-destination trips both on tourism statistics and in tourism planning, and to describ…

Investigations on the Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Triterpenoids fromDiospyros leucomelas*

1995

Three triterpenes were isolated from Diospyros leucomelas and identified as betulin, betulinic acid, and ursolic acid. They showed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan and serotonin paw edema tests and TPA and EPP ear edema tests. The blockade of their effects by progesterone, actinomycin D, and cycloheximide has served to determine the mechanism of action in relationship with that of glucocorticoids. Betulinic acid was the most affected and therefore a mode of action similar to these drugs may be postulated for it.

 A Mechanistic Approach to theIn VivoAnti-Inflammatory Activity of Sesquiterpenoid Compounds Isolated fromInula viscosa

2001

The present study was designed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of the sesquiterpenoids ilicic acid and inuviscolide, isolated from Inula viscosa, on cell degranulation, leukotriene biosynthesis, neurogenic drive and glucocorticoid-like interactions. Swiss female mice were used to measure the ear oedema induced by phorbol esters or ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP), and the paw oedema induced by phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) or serotonin. Drug treatment consisted of one topically-applied dose in the ear models and a subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection in the paw models. Quantitative analysis of leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) formation was performed on rat peritoneal neutrophils by high p…

In Vivo Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pachymic and Dehydrotumulosic Acids

2000

Pachymic and dehydrotumulosic acids were studied in different models of acute and chronic inflammation. They proved to be active in most of the methods applied. None of them were active against arachidonic acid-induced ear edema. Dehydrotumulosic acid significantly diminished the mouse ear edema induced by ethyl phenylpropiolate, while pachymic acid was ineffective. When the putative corticoid-like mechanism of both compounds was explored, pachymic acid activity was partially abolished by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist progesterone, but dehydrotumulosic acid activity was not affected. In vivo experiments demonstrated the inhibition by both principles of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-i…

Design, synthesis, DNA-binding and cytotoxicity evaluation of new potential combilexines

2002

Combilexines, compounds in which a DNA intercalator is linked to a minor groove binding component, interact with the DNA in a sequence specific manner to yield in most cases compounds with anticancer activity. A series of new compounds closely related to netropsin in which the two components were linked by an amide group was synthesised as potential combilexines. As some of these compounds showed cytotoxic activity in vitro, an attempt was made to rationalise their mechanism of action. The DNA binding characteristics of the carboxamides were evaluated by thermal denaturation experiments and by ethidium bromide displacement assay. Their ability to inhibit the topoisomerase I was also determi…

Screening for inhibitors of HIV gp120-CD4 binding using an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay.

1993

Binding of the HIV-1 major viral surface glycoprotein, gp120, to the major cell receptor, CD4, is essential for HIV infection of the target cell and syncytium formation. An enzyme-linked immunoassay using solid phase CD4 was used to quantitate the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4, and to assess the activity and mechanism of action of putative inhibitors of that reaction. Monoclonal antibodies to the gp120 binding site on CD4 (e.g., Leu3a) blocked gp120 binding, while monoclonal antibodies to other portions of CD4 (e.g. OKT4) did not. Both aurintricarboxylic acid and sulfonated polysaccharides (e.g., dextran sulfate) blocked CD4-gp120 interactions by binding to the CD4 component. Human polyclon…

Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing Repeats

2013

Fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats (FIASCO) is a rapid and simple method for separating microsatellite-containing DNA fragments from genomic DNA de novo. The method takes the advantage of the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique that relies on effective digestion-ligation reaction. The repeat-containing fragments are selectively hybridized to biotinylated probes and harvested by streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. The enriched microsatellite-containing fragments can be cloned and sequenced to yield a variety of microsatellite loci for applications in many different fields in molecular genetics.

Effects of l-Carnitine in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Review of Clinical Studies

2019

Carnitine is an amino acid derivative, which plays several important roles in human physiology, in the central nervous system, and for mitochondrial metabolism, in particular. Altered carnitine metabolic routes have been associated with a subgroup of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and could add to the pathophysiology associated with these disorders. We review the current evidence about the clinical effects of carnitine administration in ASD in both non-syndromic forms and ASD associated with genetic disorders. Two randomized clinical trials and one open-label prospective trial suggest that carnitine administration could be useful for treating symptoms in non-syndromic ASD. Th…

EEG Microstates Analysis in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder During Resting-State

2019

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a useful tool to inspect the brain activity in resting state and allows to characterize spontaneous brain activity that is not detected when a subject is cognitively engaged. Moreover, taking advantage of the high time resolution in EEG, it is possible to perform fast topographical reference-free analysis, since different scalp potential fields correspond to changes in the underlying sources within the brain. In this study, the spontaneous EEG resting state (eyes closed) was compared between 10 young adults ages 18-30 years with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 13 neurotypical controls. A microstate analysis was applied, focusing on four temporal parameters…

2019

Background: Cranio-facial anomalies frequently occur in neurodevelopmental disorders because both face and brain are derived from neuroectoderm. The identification of differences in the facial phenotype of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may reflect alterations in embryologic brain development in children with ASD. Methods: we evaluated 33 caucasian children with ASD using a 2D computerized photogrammetry. Anthropometric euclidean measurements and landmarks located on the soft tissue of the face and head, were based on five cranio-facial indexes. Relationships between anthropometric z-scores and participant characteristics (i.e., age, Global IQ, severity of autistic symptoms m…